Weaning is the gradual process of introducing solid foods into your baby’s diet alongside their usual milk (breast milk or formula). The NHS, WHO, and other trusted health organizations recommend starting weaning at around 6 months. This timing aligns with most babies' developmental readiness, including better head control, the ability to sit upright with support, and a diminishing tongue-thrust reflex (pushing food out of their mouth).
Keep in mind that every baby is unique. If you're unsure whether your baby is ready, consult your pediatrician for guidance.
Choosing the First Foods
When it comes to first foods, simplicity is key. Introducing single-ingredient purees helps you monitor your baby’s reaction to new tastes and identify any potential allergies. Here are some great first food options:
Best First Foods
- Vegetable Purees: Mild, sweet vegetables like carrot, parsnip, butternut squash, and sweet potato are excellent starting points. These vegetables are naturally appealing and easy to digest.
- Fruit Purees: Pear, apple, or banana can be a hit, offering natural sweetness without added sugar.
- Baby Rice or Oats: Mixed with your baby’s usual milk, these are gentle on the tummy and a good way to introduce texture.
Tips for Preparing First Foods
- Steam or boil vegetables and fruits to retain nutrients.
- Blend to a smooth consistency, ensuring no lumps for easier swallowing.
- Add a splash of breast milk or formula to make the puree familiar and creamy.
How Much Food Should You Offer?
In the early stages, your baby doesn’t need much. The first week or so is about introducing the concept of eating rather than providing nutrition, as milk remains their main source of nourishment.
Portion Guidelines
- Start with 1–2 teaspoons of puree once a day.
- Let your baby decide how much they want; some may take a little more, while others may only manage a taste.
Remember, weaning is a gradual process. Follow your baby’s cues—if they turn their head away or seem disinterested, don’t push.
How Often Should You Feed?
In the beginning, once a day is sufficient. Choose a time when your baby is alert and happy—not overly hungry or tired. As they get accustomed to solids, you can gradually increase the frequency:
- Weeks 1–2: Once a day.
- Weeks 3–4: Twice a day.
- By 7 months, aim for three meals a day, incorporating a variety of flavors and textures.
Tips for a Smooth Start
Timing Is Everything
It’s often helpful to offer solids after a small milk feed. If your baby is overly hungry, they may become frustrated and impatient with the unfamiliar process of eating solids.
Patience Is Key
Your baby might grimace, spit out food, or make a mess—this is all part of the learning process. Repeated exposure (up to 10–15 times) can help them accept new tastes.
Safety First
- Ensure your baby is seated upright, either on your lap or in a high chair.
- Always supervise them during meals to prevent choking.
What Comes Next?
From 7–9 months, your baby’s development accelerates, and their nutritional needs increase. Milk will continue to provide essential nutrients, but solids will begin to play a larger role. Here's how to ensure a balanced diet during this stage:
Key Nutrients
- Iron and Zinc: Include iron-rich foods like red meat, poultry, lentils, and fortified cereals. Iron is crucial for cognitive and physical development.
- Healthy Fats: Foods like avocado, full-fat Greek yogurt, and cheese provide energy for growth.
- Carbohydrates and Fibre: Offer starchy foods like potato, sweet potato, or wholegrain bread.
Variety Is Vital
Encourage your baby to explore different tastes and textures:
- Soft-cooked vegetables cut into strips for finger food.
- Mashed fruit combinations, such as banana and avocado.
- Small amounts of protein-rich foods, like flaked fish or scrambled egg.
Making Mealtimes Enjoyable
Sociable Eating
Once your baby can sit unsupported (typically around 6–7 months), introduce them to family meals. Use a high chair to bring them to the table so they can observe and mimic your eating habits. This fosters positive associations with food and encourages social skills.
Embrace the Mess
Letting your baby touch, squish, and play with their food is a crucial part of sensory development. Use a splash mat or bibs to minimize cleanup, but don’t worry too much about the mess—it’s part of the fun!
Troubleshooting Common Challenges
Refusing Food
It’s normal for babies to reject new foods initially. Stay calm and try again later. Experiment with different textures, flavors, or temperatures to see what works.
Allergies
Introduce potential allergens (like eggs, dairy, peanuts, or fish) one at a time, waiting 3–5 days between each new food. Watch for signs of an allergic reaction, such as rash, vomiting, or swelling, and consult your doctor if needed.
Constipation
If your baby experiences constipation during weaning, offer small sips of cooled, boiled water between meals and include fiber-rich fruits like prunes or pears in their diet.
Final Thoughts
Weaning is a journey filled with milestones, messes, and memorable moments. Embrace the process and remember that there’s no one-size-fits-all approach. By offering a wide range of healthy foods, fostering positive mealtime experiences, and being patient with your baby’s pace, you’re setting the stage for a lifetime of healthy eating habits.
For more tips and trusted advice, explore resources from leading experts like NHS Start4Life, WHO guidelines, or your pediatrician.
